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Lyme Disease and
other Other
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OtherThere are many other infrequent causes of facial paralysis. Guillain Barre syndrome, an ascending polyneuropathy thought to be virally mediated, can give unilateral or bilateral paralysis. Many brain tumors, including pilocytic astrocytomas, "gliomas," ependymomas, and cavernous hemangiomas, or brainstem problems can lead to temporary or permanent paralysis, either from the disease or the therapy required to treat the disease. Cerebrovascular accidents (stroke) can lead to partial facial paralysis. Systemic illnesses such as diabetes, tuberculosis, and HIV can give facial paralysis, and certain other kinds of autoimmune diseases can also give facial weakness. Amongst the more common autoimmune diseases are Wegener’s granulomatosis, anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome, and lupus. Granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis have also been associated with facial paralysis, as in Heerfordt’s syndrome, also termed uveoparotid fever. For this reason, a thorough investigation for these rare causes must be undertaken, as each has a different treatment algorithm.
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